The shortest model is going to be one of the two Polaris models, the Phoenix 200 or the Saw Tooth, both of which are 65 inches long. The biggest 200cc ATV is the Bombardier Rally 200, which is 79.9 inches long and 41.5 inches wide. There are a handful of popular models however, including offerings from Polaris and Yamaha. Most of the models you are going to find are lesser-known brands and/or imports from China. The 200cc ATV is another size that is not as popular in the United States. Overall, the 90cc ATVs I reviewed ranged from 56.1 to 61.5 inches long and 34.4 to 40.2 inches wide. On the other hand, the widest, by a decent margin, was the Yamaha Raptor 90, which is 40.2 inches wide. The longest 90cc ATV I found was the Polaris Sportsman 90 at 61.5 inches long by 38.5 inches wide. The least wide machine, just barely, is the Suzuki Quadsport Z90, which is 34.4 inches wide. The KFX 90 is going to be the shortest machine at 56.1 inches long. Probably the smallest 90cc ATVs are going to the Sport DVX 90 or Utility Youth 90 from Arctic Cat, both of which are 57.8 inches long by 34.5 inches wide, or the Kawasaki KFX 90, which is 56.1 inches long by 35.6 inches wide. 90cc ATVSĩ0cc ATVs are one of the more popular-sized youth ATVs. More 70cc models can be found that are typically Chinese imports and lesser known brands such as the Raceway XL 70, which is 44 inches long and 26 inches wide. The most popular 70cc model is the Can-Am DS70, which is 48 inches long by 35.6 inches wide. 70cc ATVSħ0cc ATV’s are far less popular than the 50cc or 90cc models, but they can be found. Overall, the 50cc machines I reviewed ranged from 48 to 60.5 inches long and 29.9 to 34.7 inches wide. The widest 50cc ATV was the Kawasaki KFX 50 at 34.7 inches wide and 55.1 inches long. The longest machine is the Yamaha Raptor 50 at 60.5 inches long, but only 32.5 inches wide. The largest 50cc machine I came across is more difficult to determine because the longest was not the widest. If you are just going by width, however, the narrowest 50cc ATV is actually the Suzuki Quadsport Z50, which is only 29.9 inches wide despite being 50 inches long. These small machines have equal dimensions at only 31.5 inches wide and 48 inches long. The smallest 50cc ATV I came across was the Polaris Predator 50. The 50cc ATV is the smallest sized ATV and is typically used for smaller children. Third, 48 inches wide seems to be the golden number where you can pretty confidently plan on that being your maximum width on any ATV you find. ![]() Second, the longest machines were not always the widest so it is not just a matter of finding the biggest or smallest ATV. First, the sport models made by each manufacturer are typically a little smaller than the utility models. Finally, your larger ATVs are going to be a little larger at seventy-four to ninety-four inches long and 46-48 inches wide.īefore I get into the more specific dimensions for each class of ATVs and UTVs, there are a couple of key trends I noticed in analyzing the dimensions of hundreds of different ATVs. ![]() Your standard and most popular sized ATVs are generally seventy to ninety inches long and forty-two to forty-eight inches wide. Smaller ATVs are generally going to be sixty-five to seventy-five inches long and forty to forty-three inches wide. Children or youth ATVs are generally going to run fifty to sixty inches long and thirty to forty inches wide. Obviously, the bigger engine size you get, the bigger the ATV will be. That being said, there are some definite trends. That, obviously, is the first step to figuring out what you need to haul an ATV, so I did some digging.ĪTV sizes are not uniform in the least. In the end, I needed some ATV dimensions. ![]() I thought it would be great to start out if I did not need a trailer and could fit an ATV in the bed of a new truck, but then, my wife wanted an ATV even more than me, and then the kids want their own. For me, this meant buying a truck and potentially a trailer. Unless you live on some decent land where you can drive your ATV, it will not do much good for you unless you have a way to haul it to where you want to ride it. Of course one of the biggest hindrances to buying an ATV was figuring out how to haul it. I first decided to buy an ATV a few years after I sold my truck.
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If you are together and you play a mock game, be sure to clap and cheer for each other during the game. You should also include photos and fun stories about your family. Your video is the most important way we get to know you. What can my family do to stand out? The best way to stand out is to tell us as much as you can about your family.Do your best to show us why your family would be great on the Feud! Aim for 3-5 minutes in length. We are actively casting so please apply today if you want. The important thing is to show us how energetic and enthusiastic you are. Welcome to the Survivor Casting Website The time to apply for Survivor 47 and future seasons is NOW. Pick Me is a brand new game show for ITV daytime, with Stephen Mulhern, and the Producers are looking for lively, loud & high-energy. Talk about your occupation, your hobbies, or anything that you think is relevant! And remember to speak up! Some families play a mock round of the game. ![]() ![]() Tell us something interesting or unique about yourself. Apply for your chance to play WIN THE ADS in the finale of Saturday Night. What should we do in our video? The main goal here is for your family to stand out! Start off by introducing your family and have each family member introduce themselves. Were looking for family teams of three to take part in a new game show.You could also use a link for us to download your video (for example you could use which is free). Apply Please enter your date of birth There is no age requirement to appear on Family Feud, although we suggest that contestants are 15 or older due to the nature of the questions. This could be a Youtube link, a Facebook link (make sure it's publicly available), or a link from any other video platform. How can I send my audition video? Click the "APPLY" button on this page, follow the steps, and insert a video link in the designated field.If you are unable to include a video, then try to add as much information as possible along with photos of your family. Do I have to submit an audition video? Audition videos are highly recommended but not mandatory. ![]() This is all done similar to paper check processing, just electronically. With an eCheck, the money is electronically withdrawn from the payer’s account, sent via the ACH network to the payee’s banking institution, and then electronically deposited into the payee’s account. The best way to explain the similarities and differences of ACH, EFT, and eCheck is that an eCheck is a type of electronic funds transfer (EFT) that uses the Automated Clearing House (ACH) network to process the payment. ![]() Do ACH and EFT Mean the Same as eCheck?ĮFT stands for “Electronic Funds Transfer.” This all-encompassing term includes many types of financial transfers, including:ĪCH stands for “Automated Clearing House.” As noted, this is the electronic network used by financial institutions in the United States that provides infrastructure for payment processing companies. Learn all the ways to accept online paymentsĬlick here to access the FREE 3. Funds are typically deposited into the merchant’s bank account three to five business days after the transaction is initiated. Deposit funds: The payment is automatically withdrawn from the customer’s bank account, the online software sends a payment receipt to the customer, and the payment itself is deposited into the business’ bank account.Finalize and submit: Once information is properly entered into the payment software, the business clicks “Save” or “Submit” to start the ACH transaction process.If it is a recurring payment, this information also includes the details of the recurring schedule. Payment set-up: After authorization, the business inputs the payment information into the online payment processing software.This can be done via an online payment form, signed order form, or recorded phone conversation. Request authorization: The business needs to gain authorization from the customer before making the transaction. ![]() There are a few steps involved to process an electronic check: Instead of a customer manually filling out a paper check and sending it to the business they need to pay, technology allows the process to happen electronically, saving both time as well as paper waste. How Do eChecks Work?Įlectronic check processing is similar to paper check processing, only faster. The payment must be authorized by the customer, either by signed contract, acceptance of a website’s “Terms and Conditions,” or a recorded voice conversation. With an ACH merchant account, a business can withdraw payments for goods or services directly from their customer’s bank account. These payments are facilitated by the “Automated Clearing House” (or ACH) network, an electronic network used by U.S. WIth an eCheck, money is electronically withdrawn from the payer’s checking account, transferred over the ACH network, and deposited into the payee’s checking account. What Is an eCheck?Īn eCheck, or electronic check, is a digital version of a traditional paper check. We’ve compiled a list of the most common eCheck (electronic check) questions with answers here, so you can learn everything you need to know about eCheck payment processing rates, times, and more. Has someone asked you to pay with eCheck? Are you looking to collect eCheck payments from your customers? Are you all around confused by eChecks? Don’t worry you’re not alone. ![]() So if you want to trade exotics currency pairs, remember to factor this into your decision.įor those of y’all who are really mesmerized by exotics, here’s a more comprehensive list. It’s not unusual to see spreads that are two or three times bigger than that of EUR/USD or USD/JPY.ĭue to the overall lower degree of liquidity, exotic currency pairs tend to be far more sensitive to economic and geopolitical events.įor example, a political scandal or unexpected election results can cause an exotic pair’s exchange rate to swing violently. Keep in mind that these pairs aren’t as heavily traded as the “majors” or “crosses,” so the transaction costs associated with trading these pairs are usually bigger. Wanna take a shot at guessing what those other currency symbols stand for?ĭepending on your forex broker, you may see the following exotic currency pairs so it’s good to know what they are. The chart below contains a few examples of exotic currency pairs. No, exotic pairs are not exotic belly dancers who happen to be twins.Īn exotic currency is a currency from countries with developing or emerging markets.Įxotic currency pairs are made up of one major currency paired with the currency of an emerging economy, such as Brazil, Mexico, Chile, Turkey, or Hungary.īasically, an exotic currency pair includes one major currency alongside an exotic currency. The most actively traded crosses are derived from the three major non-USD currencies: EUR, JPY, and GBP. Liquidity is used to describe the level of activity in the financial market. The majors are the most liquid in the world. While there are EIGHT major currencies, there are only SEVEN major currency pairs.Ĭompared to the crosses and exotics, the price moves more frequently with the majors, which provides more trading opportunities. dollar ( USD) on one side and are the most frequently traded. The currency pairs listed below are considered the “ majors.” Crosses that involve any of the major currencies are also known as ” minors”.Įxotic currency pairs consist of one major currency and one currency from an emerging market (EM). dollar.Ĭross-currency pairs do NOT include the U.S. The major currency pairs always include the U.S. There are three categories of currency pairs: Imagine each currency pair constantly in a “tug of war” with each currency on its own side of the rope.Īn exchange rate is the relative price of two currencies from two different countries.Įxchange rates fluctuate based on which currency is stronger at the moment. ![]() BoE Hike Interest Rates, Pound Canadian Dollar Rate Slips to 1.When you trade in the forex market, you buy or sell in currency pairs.Pound Sterling to Canadian Dollar Rate Forecast: GBP Trends Higher Against CAD into New Week Pound (GBP) Exchange Rates Firm as BoE Commits to Taming Inflation.Oil Prices Rally Further, Pound to Canadian Dollar Rates RangeboundCanadian Dollar (CAD) Exchange Rates Stumble amid Profit-Taking.GBP/CAD Outlook: Pound Canadian Dollar Rate Pares Gains as UK Grocery Inflation RocketsGBP/CAD Exchange Rate Ticks Lower as Sterling Morale Weakens. ![]()
![]() ![]() She also said that these glasses are terrific for other beverages aside from wine. These best unbreakable wine glasses are great to bring during picnics but may be used on other days as well. She said that she dropped one on her ceramic tile floor, and the glass didn’t have a single scratch. He also thought that this would make a great welcome gift.Īnother shopper claimed that she’s a wine lover and hunted for unbreakable glasses and came across Poolside. He was pleasantly surprised with the elegant packaging as the glasses came in individual cloth bags. Stemless wine glasses are used to take away the stress of holding a normal wine glass. Made from 100% Eastman USA Tritan plasticĪn Amazon shopper loves these plastic wine glasses.Not only are these glasses durable, but also easy to maintain and. If you give these to a friend as a gift, for sure they will be thrilled. Disposable champagne flutes and wine glasses bring the sophistication of a fancy soiree without the hassle of cleanup. Plastic wine glasses are another great pick for outdoor barbeques and other family gatherings. They are also very comfortable to hold because of the silicone, which prevents warming up your drinks. The tulip-shaped glasses do a great job maintaining the wine’s temperature because of their cooling gel between the insulated walls. He also said that they reach different temperatures depending if they are kept in the freezer or the refrigerator. Meanwhile, Daniel remarked that these cups have a nice finish, and the material is glass-like plastic. That's why she loves this product because it can go directly to the freezer. However, she forgets to chill her bottle of wine ahead of time. ![]() Strong plastic smell even after a few piles of washingĪ customer shared that she likes her wine cold.Toggle submenu Beer Accessories & Supplies LSA White Wine Glasses Set 4 per pack 4 per pack. South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands (USD $) Maxwell&Williams Verona Crystalline White Wine Glasses Set 180ml 4 per pack 4 per pack. We are now accepting international orders! Check here for more details. Standard ground shipping is free for all US orders Creative players can flex their design skills with a fully featured landscape creation tool that lets them set the starting positions, mines, and scheme, while vertical landscapes, a scheme editor, and the return of bridges give gamers even more options. As always, the worms are well-armed, allowing gamers to enter battle with more than 50 wacky weapons, including the super bunker buster, the buffalo of lies, the concrete donkey, and the holy hand grenade. Players can customize the appearance of their worms, choose from a variety of victory dances and gravestones, and select from more than 70 ridiculous hats. Worms Reloaded also comes with a full suite of multiplayer options, including local and online support for up to four gamers, voice chat, leaderboards, and achievements. Worms Reloaded Download Free Full Game is an artillery strategy game developed by Team17 and is part of the Worms series. The single-player "Campaign" mode finds gamers blasting through 35 missions, plus 30 extra missions in the more difficult "Warzone Campaign." Other single-player options include a "Training" mode that features three tutorials and three firing ranges, and the "Bodycount" mode, which sends a continuous wave of increasingly difficult enemies at gamers. POL_Shortcut "WormsReloaded.exe" "$TITLE" "$TITLE.The gaming world's most popular homicidal annelids return for more over-the-top turn-based violence and multiplayer mayhem in Worms Reloaded. Worms Reloaded slot game integrates a layout of 5 reels and 20 pay lines. It is an extended port of the game Worms 2. It was released on 26 August 2010 on Steam. Worms Reloaded: Game of the Year Edition Free Download PC Game Cracked in Direct Link and Torrent. # Shortcut done after install for local version Worms Reloaded is a strategy game developed and published by Team17. I asked for a refund and they quickly gave me one. POL_SetupWindow_browse "$(eval_gettext 'Please select the setup file to run')" "$TITLE" Even though they were working on an app to download and update the games, I didnt want it any more. Plays when a worm drops off a ledge and activates the Bungee. Download full Worms: Reloaded: Game of the Year Edition (590 MB) Download (346 MB) Worms: Reloaded screenshots: The gaming world's most popular homicidal annelids return for more over-the-top turn-based violence and multiplayer mayhem in Worms Reloaded. Also plays for a random team when a game ends in a draw. Plays when an enemy worm's turn timer hits zero. Worms: Armageddon Free Download (v3.8.1) Worms: Armageddon (v3.8.1) Size: 535.39 MB Reminder: This download is completely free and won't cost you a penny. ![]() Then, launch the game through the desktop shortcut. ![]() POL_Wine start /unix "steam.exe" steam://install/$STEAM_ID Phrase used when worm does something boring. Double click inside the Worms: Armageddon v3.8.1 folder and run the setup application. POL_SetupWindow_message "$(eval_gettext 'When $TITLE download by Steam is finished,\nDo NOT click on Play.\n\nClose COMPLETELY the Steam interface, \nso that the installation script can continue')" "$TITLE"Ĭd "$WINEPREFIX/drive_c/$PROGRAMFILES/Steam" Login Store Community Support Change language View desktop website. POL_Shortcut "steam.exe" "Steam ($TITLE)" "" "" Includes 6 items: Worms Reloaded, Worms Reloaded: Forts Pack, Worms Reloaded: Puzzle Pack, Worms Reloaded: Retro Pack, Worms Reloaded: The 'Pre-order Forts and Hats' DLC Pack, Worms Reloaded: Time Attack Pack. POL_Shortcut "steam.exe" "$SHORTCUT_NAME" "$TITLE.png" "steam://rungameid/$STEAM_ID" # Shortcut done before install for steam version Copy the cracked content from SKIDROW directory to your main installation directory and overwrite. Guide your troop across a destructible 2-D landscape and use your arsenal of. This will allow players to host their own lobbies without the need to search for available lobbies beforehand Install Notes: 1. POL_Call POL_Install_steam_flags "$STEAM_ID" Summar圜ommand a team of worms in the artillery strategy game Worms: Reloaded. ![]() # Set Graphic Card information keys for wine # Asking about memory size of graphic card POL_SetupWindow_InstallMethod "STEAM,LOCAL" # Choose between Steam and other Digital Download version POL_Wine_PrefixCreate "$WORKING_WINE_VERSION" This turn-based strategy game retains the. # Downloading wine if necessary and creating prefix Worms REloaded represents a revolutionary change in the world of video games that was so popular during the 1990s. POL_SetupWindow_presentation "$TITLE" "$EDITOR" "$GAME_URL" "$AUTHOR" "$PREFIX" # Distribution used to test : Debian Squeeze (Testing) Chardonnay is also very successfully cultivated, and about 30% of the AVA’s acreage is planted to white grapes, with the majority of those grapes being Chardonnay, Read more. Many grapes grow well in Napa’s Mediterranean climate, but the region is best known for Cabernet Sauvignon. Napa Valley’s AVA was established in 1983, and today there are 16 sub-appellations within the Napa Valley AVA. But by the late 1950s and early 1960s Robert Mondavi and other visionaries were producing quality wines easily distinguishable from the mass-produced jug wines made in California’s Central Valley. An infestation of phylloxera, an insect that attacks vine roots, and the onset of Prohibition nearly wiped out the nascent Napa wine industry in the early 20th century. Other winemaking pioneers followed in the late 19th century, including the founders of Charles Krug, Schramsberg, Inglenook and Beaulieu Vineyards. Yount planted grapes and began producing wine commercially. Winemaking started in Napa in 1838 when George C. With nearly 43,000 acres of vineyards and more than 300 wineries, it is the heart of fine wine production in the United States. Napa Valley AVA is the most famous winemaking region in the United States and one of the most prestigious in the world. Heady with an edge of iodine, this is the taste of luxury. This has real verve but also wonderfully supple tannins. Well-proportioned, showing a grip of fine-grained tannins that will benefit from cellaring. Seductive from the get-go, with a supple entry to the layers of complexity, mixing flavors of mocha, currant, plum, licorice, spice and cedary oak. Graphite, smoke, cedar and tobacco run through this virile, statuesque uly remarkable. Huge swaths of tannin wrap around a core of intense dark red fruit in this potent, brooding wine. Medium to full-bodied, the palate is both powerful and ethereal, charged with energy and backed up by profound black fruits, supported with plush tannins and seamless freshness, finishing very long and beautifully perfumed. a little swirling before exploding with preserved black and blue fruits-blueberry compote, blackberry pie and blackcurrant cordial-giving way to notes of unsmoked cigars, new leather, beef drippings and menthol with wafts of roasted rosemary and rose oil. Roses continue to exude opulence and class. Terrific aromas of crushed black currants, blueberries and flowers with hints of sweet tobacco. Full body, superb balance of ultra-fine tannins and vibrant acidity. : 2013 Opus One Napa Valley Bordeaux Blend 2013 Opus One Napa Valley Bordeaux Blend (Pre-Arrival) SKU 1263007 100 points James Suckling The greatest Opus ever. ![]() Terrific aromas of crushed black currants, blueberries, and flowers with hints of sweet tobacco. You can send the address of this page to your students, tutors, friends, etc. They MUST download the worksheets themselves. You Do NOT have permission to send these worksheets to anyone in any way (via email, text messages, or other ways). You have permission to distribute the printed copies to your students, teachers, tutors, and friends. You can download the worksheets and print them as many as you need. Worksheets may not be uploaded to the internet in any form, including classroom/personal websites or network drives. IMPORTANT: COPYRIGHT TERMS: These worksheets are for personal use. There is also a FREE 4th Grade MAP Math Practice Test ![]()
![]() RL : This is the reverse list, it contains the email addresses of people who added you to their list. So this means they can't see you when you are online, and they can't chat with you. The last one is obvious, I'll explain what other three lists mean : AL : This list contains the emails of people who are allowed to see you when you get online and they can also chat with you when you aren't offline BL : This is the block list, which means it contains the list of people you are blocking. ![]() Q: In the preferences' privacy tab, what do those four lists mean? A: There are four lists, known as Allow List(AL), Block List(BL), Reverse List(RL) and Contact List. It works the same way as in a shell so Ctrl-Up ? gives you the previous message sent and Ctrl-Down ?, the next one. Q: How can I access the history of the messages I sent in my chat windows? A: If you want to access previous messages you sent in your chat windows you only need to use the Control key with the arrows. The contact email address will be copied to the clipboard. Q: Can I copy a contact address to the clipboard? A: Yes, right click on that contact name on the contact list, and click its address on the pop-up menu. USING IT Q: What do the magenta contacts in my contact list mean? A: It means that you are not in that person's contact list. To build the NEWER freedesktop (Gnome2 and KDE3 compatible) docking, read README file in plugins/traydoc. ![]() When the plugin is built, just run amsn and select Gnome Docking in the options menu. Q: How do I get the Gnome/KDE docking to work? A: You have to run 'make' inside the plugins directory, to build the OLD GNOME1 plugin. ![]() Then add an icon that launches the command 'amsn'. Q: How do I create a shortcut to amsn on my desktop? A: 1.- Add an icon to your gnome/kde desktop or menu, that launches the command: /wherever/you/have/amsn/installed/amsn for example /home/yourusername/msn/amsn 2. Other way: As root, create a link in /usr/bin to the amsn file ln -s /wherever/you/have/amsn/installed/amsn amsn This way, you can launch amsn by just typing 'amsn' from anywhere. Again, as seen in the question above, if the "wish" command doesn't exist, you need to install tcl/tk. To run AMSN you should choose "Open with.", "Launch with." or similar, and use the program "wish" to open the file "amsn". The file manager might think it's a text file, so it will launch the text editor. Q: When I double click "amsn" file from a graphical file browser, like konqueror or nautilus, it opens a text editor instead of running AMSN! A: AMSN is written in tcl/tk, an interpreted language, so the "amsn" file is just a text file with the program code. Then go to preferences again, and check that the option "Enable receiving Display Pictures from other users" is enabled, as it was disabled automatically because CONVERT.EXE couldn't be found. Then go to the folder where you installed imagemagick, and select the "CONVERT.EXE" file. Go to a field named "CONVERT", and click the browse button. By default it's set to: /usr/bin/wish Q: After downloading imagemagick, How do I enable Display Pictures? After you installed imagemagick, go to the AMSN's Preferences dialog. If "wish amsn" works, but "./amsn" doesn't, edit 'amsn' file and set the correct path to 'wish' in the first line. amsn or if this doesn't work, try wish amsn If wish command doesn't exist, then you don't have tcl/tk correctly installed. Untar it with the command: gzip -d amsn-x_xx.tar.gz tar xvf amsn-x_xx.tar It will create an msn/ directory, and amsn is installed and ready to run. Q: How do I install and run amsn on unix/linux? A: Just download the amsn-x_xx.tar.gz file. The interpreter is available for linux, windows and macintosh.Some additional features might require extra programs or libraries, like the docking icon, the Display Pictures or the SSL connection for MSN Protocol 9. INSTALLING AND RUNNING Q: What do I need to run amsn? A: Amsn is written in tcl/tk, so you just need a working tcl/tk interpreter (version 8.3 or later). Functional responses and interference within and between year classes of a dragonfly population. Some Characteristics of Simple Types of Predation and Parasitism. The natural control of animal populations. Introduction to Population Ecology Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 2006. Basic properties of mathematical population models. Variazione e fluttuazini del numero d’individui in specie animali conviventi. Elements of Physical Biology Williams & Wilkins: Baltimore, MD, USA, 1925. Prey–Predator Models with Variable Carrying Capacity. Dynamics of a two predator-one prey system. A ratio-dependent food chain model and its applications to biological control. Mathematical Biology Springer: New York, NY, USA, 2002 Volume 2. Global qualitative analysis of a ratio-dependent predator-prey system. Predator-prey population with parasite infection. The author declares no conflict of interest. ![]() Moreover, in the last case (i.e., i = 3.0), when neglecting the oscillation parameter i.e., ϵ = 0, the likelihood of the coexistence of the predator–prey system increases more because the joint equilibrium point of the predator and prey increases and moves away from the axes where the predator and prey isoclines cross as displayed through Figure 5b, in addition, the densities of the prey and predator increase as shown in Figure 5a. It was interpreted that the likelihood of the coexistence of the predator–prey system increases as the value of i increases. ![]() On the other side, when the value of the immigration parameter ( i) increases, the joint equilibrium point of predator and prey increases and moves away from the axes where the predator and prey isoclines cross as shown through Figure 2b, Figure 3b, Figure 4b and Figure 5b. However, when investigating the oscillation of immigration of the prey, the dynamic behaviors of the model (32) tend to exhibit stable fluctuated and the fluctuations increase because of the increasing immigration parameter and the oscillation parameter that exists within the immigration, which is displayed through Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4. There is an important question that can be asked in this context: how does adding the oscillation of immigration of the prey affect the dynamic behaviors? Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 9 and Figure 10 illustrate the different kinds of graphs that are used to explain these cases time series figures and zero-growth isoclines with phase plane trajectory figures are plotted to show the dynamic behaviors and trajectories comprehensively, as well as the cross-sectional picture of zero-growth isoclines with phase plane trajectories for each figure is introduced to give clear picture of the dynamic behavior. In Section 3, the theoretical analysis presents two different dynamics of the model (1), so two different sets of the hypothetical values of the parameters were selected for representing two different dynamic behaviors that were steady state and fluctuated, respectively. They were assumed to satisfy the theoretical side of each case, but the values of the initial conditions were fixed for all cases. “NDsolve” command in the MATHEMATICA 11.3 software package was used to solve the models numerically for different sets of the hypothetical values of the parameters. The numerical simulations of models (1) and (32) were performed to show the change in dynamic behaviors and explain the effects that come from investigating the oscillation of the immigration of the prey. In addition, the Crowley–Martin type has been investigated in stochastic predator–prey models for studying the asymptotic properties of these models. Moreover, the Crowley–Martin type was used with a discrete predator–prey system to study the complex dynamics that lead to chaos. used the Crowley–Martin type in a delayed predator–prey model involving disease in the prey population. Alebraheem and Abu-Hassan investigated the seasonality in the predator–prey model with the Crowley–Martin type to identify complex dynamic behaviors. ![]() Stage-structured predator–prey models with the Crowley–Martin type have been widely considered to discuss the dynamics of these models. Ali and Jazar studied the global dynamics of a modified Leslie–Gower predator–prey model using the Crowley–Martin functional response and Holling type II as the numerical response. Upadhyay and Naji used Holling type II and the Crowley–Martin type with a three-species food chain model to discuss the dynamics of the model. In the literature, few studies have investigated the Crowley–Martin type of responses in predator–prey models using different concepts to study the dynamics of these models. |
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